The Unique Charm and Meaning of Korea’s Banchan

Have you ever sat down at a Korean restaurant and been greeted by an array of small dishes at the center of the table? These delightful sides are called Banchan, and they hold a unique charm that goes far beyond their taste.

At DUBU GONG BANG in Duluth, four different banchan are served for free every day, with steamed cabbage and ssamjang being particularly popular among customers.

A Unique Sharing Culture and Symbol of Hospitality

Korean banchan differs from the Western concept of "individual plates." Placed at the center of the table, banchan is shared by everyone, naturally fostering conversation and connection. This reflects Korea’s family-oriented, communal culture and is a manifestation of 'jeong (情),' a deep emotional bond rooted in affection, concern, and warmth.
At most Korean restaurants, banchan is provided free of charge and often comes with free refills. This "free banchan" culture surprises many foreigners and symbolizes Korea’s hospitality. Each banchan dish embodies affection, concern, and warmth, reflecting the heartfelt welcome Koreans extend to their guests, treating them as part of the family.

The Meaning and Tradition Behind 3-Cheop, 5-Cheop, and 7-Cheop Meals

The banchan culture has its roots in the traditional Korean dining concept called "bansang (飯桌)." During the Joseon Dynasty, court cuisine and meals for the upper class were classified by the number of side dishes — typically 3, 5, or 7.
A 3-cheop meal consists of rice, soup, and three side dishes, forming a simple yet satisfying everyday meal. The 5-cheop meal adds two more side dishes, often served when hosting guests. The 7-cheop meal, offered to important guests, features a colorful and flavorful variety of dishes, showcasing the host’s care and sincerity. These numbers do not merely signify quantity but rather the host’s respect and thoughtfulness.

The Meaning and Philosophy Behind Banchan

Korean banchan culture goes beyond taste and presentation to embody the values of sharing, consideration, and jeong (情). Sharing banchan at the center of the table naturally promotes communication and strengthens relationships. This sharing culture extends beyond food to human connections, fostering empathy and understanding.
The preparation methods of banchan are equally diverse. Fermented, pickled, stir-fried, and steamed dishes create a harmonious balance of salty, sweet, sour, and spicy flavors. This variety is linked to the belief in balancing the body’s health and well-being. While modern dining often favors simplicity, traditional holidays and special occasions still see banchan meticulously prepared with love and care.

Korea’s banchan culture is more than just a table of side dishes — it’s a cultural legacy that embodies Korean philosophy and way of life. Unlike any other culture in the world, this tradition emphasizes sharing, consideration, and jeong. It’s no surprise that banchan has become a beloved aspect of Korean cuisine, capturing the hearts of people worldwide. The next time you visit a Korean restaurant, take a moment to appreciate the story behind each small dish on the table — it’s an experience as rich and meaningful as the flavors themselves.